Our work was to engage with government, industry, and other key stakeholders to agree on the need to move forward with a competitiveness program and to identify the most appropriate approach, considering Mongolia’s specific context. We developed a scoping mission to identify priority policy and institutional issues and key stakeholders to be involved in the program. The scoping mission also served to start the process of consolidating a common framework, a common language for all actors; to understand the failures and successes of past competitiveness initiatives; to assess the competitive position of the country and clusters, and policy areas for improvement; to evaluate with all actors on the need of defining a National Value Proposition and launching a competitiveness initiative; and to define the phases of the process of building a competitiveness initiative in the country, and defining a national value proposition.