In 2008, at the request of the Prime Minister and under the oversight of the Deputy Prime Minister, we partnered with the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy and the Central Institute for Economic Management (CIEM) to conduct a comprehensive competitiveness assessment of Vietnam. The resulting Vietnam Competitiveness Report provided a clear, actionable policy agenda, directly influencing the government’s ten-year industrial strategy. Our work highlighted both strengths, such as Vietnam’s growing manufacturing base and young workforce—and critical challenges, including infrastructure gaps and institutional constraints. In the years since, Vietnam has experienced sustained economic growth, successfully addressing many of the structural issues identified in the report and positioning itself as a rising player in global trade and investment.